Understand developing technologies in the television and film industries.

Analogue
An analog TV signal is made up of a video signal broadcast on AM radio waves, and an audio signal broadcast on FM waves. Analog technology is currently being replaced by digital technology throughout the world.
Analog broadcasts have an aspect ratio of 4:3

Digital
There are a number of different ways to receive digital television. One of the oldest means of receiving DTV (and TV in general) is using an antenna. There is also digital cable and digital satellite.

Pay per View
Pay per view is a way that people can pay to watch television in their homes. Common events include movies, sporting events, and pornographic movies.

High Definition
High-definition television is a television broadcasting system which uses a higher resolution than a normal television. Higher quality. 16:9 aspect ratio. Most HDTV use digital signals.

Satellite

Satellite television is a way of sending television signals. It is a satellite in space. The satellite then transmits that signal back to earth. People with a satellite dish can receive the signals. Sky is an example of this.

Cable
Cable television is a way of letting people watch television without having to get signals from an antenna. The television signals are brought to the television through a cable, usually underground.

Research and Justifications

Research and Justifications


Audience information
Audience measurement measure how many people are in an audience. Usually in relation to radio listens and television viewers, and newspaper magazine readers. This helps broadcasters and advertisers know who is listening rather than how many.
Ratings point is a measure of viewership of a particular television program.
Questionnaires are also a successful way to collect information from the audience, to find out ages range, gender and practically any information you want.

Sources of information
A rate card is a document containing prices and descriptions for the various ad placement options available from a media.
Advertisers information packs provides rate cards, insertion dates, publication dates etc. All the information you need to plan your advertising.

Audience Classification
Demographics are statistical information about groups of people, often looking at gender, race etc. Physchographics are a study of personality, lifestyle, interests, and attitudes.
Geo-demographics are the study of grouping people in a geographical area, often used in market research.

Regulations
The Advertising Standards Authority is the UK’s independent regulator of advertising. The ASA act against complaints and misleading, harmful offensive advertisements. Ofcom is the communications regulator.
They regulate the TV and radio sectors, fixed line telecoms, mobiles, postal services, plus the airwaves over which wireless devices operate.

Cover Letter

Dear Ms Rose Judeh-Elwell

I am interested in the Digital Media Video Editor position advertised on indeed.com

I am currently studying a Btec Media course in college as well as photography and graphics, showing creativity, i can work individually and in a team or group. Editing is what I enjoy most, whether it be a video or a photo. I enjoy experimenting to see what i can change and create.

I would love to be a part of your team, working with new people and developing new skills. You have stated the programmes we need to be able to use, i am comfortable on any programme once i've found my way around it!

I have attached my CV and am available for an interview at your convenience. I look forward to hearing from you.

Many thanks,

Alice

Is television news a 'Window on the world'

The news always has a starting sequence. In a starting sequence you would usually see clocks, transparent objects, eyes, you would hear a fast paced beat or music. The transparent objects could be seen as looking through the work, the clocks could means, this minute, right now, this is happening. They also often show the set, lighting, cameras etc to show it is real life and truthful.

Understand the Nature and Purposes of Research in the Creative Media Industries

Primary Research/Self-Generated Research

Primary research is where it's new information, newly collected, not already existent. Information gathered from questionnaires, surveys and quizzes is considered primary research.

Market And Production Research in the Media Industry

The purpose of Market Research in the media industry is to determine whether a product will be accepted among different demographics, e.g. gender, age, location, culture, income levels and many other variables. It is a systematic process used to discover facts and opinions about the specific area you wish to research.

Market research can also help to establish a reason as to why a product is not selling to one particular demographic but is selling to another. It can also be used to establish whether a particular genre of game is more popular than another.

There are two major types of research; Qualitative and Quantitative.

Qualitative Research

''Qualitative research seeks out the 'why', not the 'how' of its topic through the analysis of unstructured information''. It is used to determine attitudes and behaviors and does not just rely on analysis of statistics carried out through Quantitative Research.

For Example; If you wanted to determine 'why' a particular game was purchased by more males than females you would use 'Qualitative Research'.

Qualitative Research techniques include face to face interviews, questionnaires that ask the consumer to write their opinions, customer feedback forms and visual media. When using the medium of a questionnaire you would ask open questions opposed to leading questions or questions with set answers. Qualitative questionnaires, if well constructed, can be used to extract specific information. Analyzing this information can be time consuming as it would involve having to identify recurring themes and determining meaning. Once this research has been analysed it would often evolve into Quantitative Research. ''Once enough qualitative research is gathered, it discovers sentiments that can be tested across a wide range of respondents, giving rise to Quantitative Research.

Quantitative Research

Quantitative Research seeks out the 'how' of its topic through structured information. It is used to determine how people feel, think or act in a particular way. You can use Quantitative Research to determine how you could improve your next game to reach both the male and female market.

Quantitative Research techniques include questionnaires with mainly closed questions or questions with set responses. The most commonly used techniques for collecting Quantitative data are on-street or telephone interviews.

an example of quantitative research could be to determine the most popular genre of games today. To do this you would carry out a closed question questionnaire. This type of questionnaire would have questions with set choices to make, e.g. Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree and Strongly Disagree.

''Quantitative data can be used effectively without the need for complex statistical analysis'' If using the closed question questionnaire you would count up each column to work out the averages and percentages etc.

To summarize market Research is a tool used to ensure that the overall concept is not based on gut feeling or intuition, but on consumer's opinions, hard data and statistics. It is used to alleviate the risk of a product being unmarketable to ensure minimal financial risk. "Market research is a systematic, objective collection and analysis of data about a particular target market, competition, and/ or environment. It always incorporates some form of data collection''. That could be of a quantitative nature, e.g. statistical analysis using a questionnaire or a qualitative nature, the investigation of people's thoughts and feelings, through the use of interviews or focus groups for example.

Data Gathering Agencies

The roles of data gathering agencies are are responsible in collecting and maintaining company-specific data and operating data entry devices. Data gathering or data collection is the process of gathering and collecting information. Information is collected, to keep on record and is used to make decisions plus sell the information to others. Broadcasters' Audience Research Board (BARB) is an example of  an organisation that compiles audience measurement and television ratings in the UK.

Audience and Market Research

Market research is research that gathers and analyzes information about the moving of good or services from producer to consumer.
Audience Profiling finding out the profile of your audience before hand so that you can put across your message to the right people in the most effective way to produce the best result. It might include details like age, sex, educational qualification, work experience, financial background, field of work, interests, mood, orientation, bias, food habits, religious background, physique, health condition etc.
Demographics are statistical information about human populations (groups of people).Such as gender, race, etc

Production Research 

Production research is  the collection and analysis of information for the content and production of a media product. Production research is always needed when developing a new product. It is research to help give information on the characteristics of the product. The purpose of production research is so that the producers are able to see what the consumer is wanting and how you can offer that to them. The main people who carry out this research are the producers and researchers.

CV

Job roles in the television and film industries

Letter

1 Somerton Road

Winterton On Sea

Norfolk

NR29 4AW
9th July 2013

Dear Mr Cook

I am writing to you to point out the contractual, legal and ethical issues with your job advertisement. In your advert you are very broad, and would be found difficult to apply and example would be the amount of hours, you are asking between 10 and 45 hours a week which is extremely broad, there is a huge difference between just 10 hours and week and 45… Also the salary £15000 - £35000. You are also very ageist asking for people of the age below 30, what does age matter. Discrimination against age, race or gender is illegal.

'The Equality Act' is designed to protect people from discrimination in the workplace. It replaced other laws such as 'Sex Discrimination Act' 1975 and 'Dissability Discrimination Act' 1995 for just one law called 'The Equality Law' Which i believe when you are asking for people age below 30 and only those who have christian view you are going against The Equality Law.

Employers are responsible for the safety and well being of their employees. Employees may be injured at work or they may become ill as a result of their work while in your employment. They can claim compensation if they believe the employer is responsible. The Employers' Liability (Compulsory Insurance) Act 1969 ensures a minimum level of insurance cover against any such claims. Trade unions exist to protect the rights and interests of workers. You have to be a member of a union to get those benefits so members pay yearly fees.

Codes of practice are not part of the law. They exist to protect the consumer or the citizen and have a powerful role in television and film. You have stated female victims and male offenders which is sexist. What are you trying to say? Only men are rapists? This only sets a bad stereotype. This links in with how different people are portrayed in the media.
Employers are responsible for drawing up policies, procedures and codes of practice that are specific to individual institutions. CoP are designed to promote good practice and to avoid legal issues 'down the line'

You can put codes of practice and policies and procedures in place to avoid legal issues. These a more or less just rules, like not wearing stiletto heels to work to avoid any accidents. If this is clearly stated and an employee has an accidents and harms themselves you are covered, and they cant claim compensation.

I feel you're proposed video has gone against Ofcoms broadcasting policy, it has a section on protecting under 18's and harm and offence. I believe the content you are asking the applicant to produce could affect the audience. Ofcom states ‘Material that might seriously impair the physical, metal or moral development of people under eighteen must not be broadcast.’ i feel that what you are asking for is far too obscene for those under 18 and could affect and offend the viewers in the way you are portraying men and women. So i highly suggest that you re think your idea.

I hope you take this letter into consideration...

Yours sincerely

Alice Shaw

Documentary Mini Task

A documentary is a video or audio recording documenting a true story or an interesting topic.

The purpose of an expository documentary is to inform the audience about a subject. Contains original and archive footage. Camera crew are invisible to the audience, tightly scripted often a voice over narration. An Inconvenient Truth is an example of an expository documentary because it relies on verbal commentary

Observational documentaries record people in their natural environment, aims for a greater degree of naturalness. An example of an observation documentary is ’16 and pregnant.’ This is a good example because it is filmed in their homes and is about there lives at that point in time, we watch them living their lives there and then.

In Interactive documentaries the filmmakers presence is fully acknowledged, almost emphasized. Become the character and author. The film maker may or may not take sides if there is conflict. There can be problems with interactive documentaries such as access to people and locations. Sometimes they resort to filming in secret which will obviously cause legal problems as you need legal permissions. Access and privacy can effect the production, you need to get wirtten permissions to interview people and places you want to use, if you are not allowed these permissions then you will have to pick a different location and people which could lead to a complete change to the production.  "Kurt and Courtney" is an example of an interactive documentary.

In a reflexive documentary the film makers acknowledges the presenter in front of the camera and provide a narrative to the documentary. Tend to be the most truthful as they focus on realism and try to show things how they actually happen without editing. An example of a reflexive documentary is 'Man with a movie camera'  A cameraman travels around a city with a camera slung over his shoulder. We rarely see any of the footage, the camera man is the act of shooting.

In a performative documentary the film crew creates many of the events and situations to be filmed by their own intervention. A lot of re-enactments. An example of a performative documentary is Danube Exodus (1999) by Peter Forgacs. In a performative documentary the use of re-enactments and dramatizations are used to show the viewers what really happens so they can visualize what is or was going on. Problems with this is that people may be confused whether or not the clip is real.